Painting shows soldiers attacking a fortified position while offshore gunboats fire on the land.
Battle of Loano, by Hippolyte Bellangé

The Loano 1795 order of battle shows the forces involved in the Battle of Loano (23–24 November 1795), during which the army of the First French Republic attacked the combined forces of Habsburg Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont. The action resulted in a French tactical victory. The orders of battle are listed below.

Abbreviations

Military rank

Other

  • mw = Mortally wounded
  • w = Wounded
  • c = Captured
  • Det. = Detachment

Orders of battle

French

  • Chief of Staff: GD Paul Louis Gaultier de Kervéguen[2]
  • GD André Massena commanded the two divisions and reserve belonging to the Center.[3]
  • Massena assumed direct command of Charlet's division[4] after Charlet was mortally wounded.[5]

There were two more field divisions in the Army of Italy. These were GD François Macquard's division guarding the Col de Tende and GD Pierre Dominique Garnier's division on the extreme left flank. Neither were directly engaged in the Battle of Loano, nor are they included in the following order of battle.[6]

French Army of Italy at Loano[7][note 1]
Division Brigade Units Strength
Right Wing
GD Charles-Pierre Augereau		 GB Pierre Banel (w)
GB Claude-Victor Perrin
GB Elzéar Dommartin
GB Jean-Baptiste Rusca[note 2]		 6th Grenadier Battalion384
14th Grenadier Battalion188
Det. 8th Grenadier Battalion116
1st Light Infantry Demi-Brigade401
Line Infantry Chasseurs650
Det. 21st Line Infantry Demi-Brigade164
99th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade396
10th Battalion/Ain Volunteers393
Det. 18th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade158
105th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade450
55th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade217
69th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade274
4th Provisional Demi-Brigade179
15th Provisional Demi-Brigade131
Grenadier Battalion423
145th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade261
147th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade488
19th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade911
39th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade571
12th Grenadier Battalion206
Right Wing Total6,961[3]
Center: 1st Division
GD Étienne Charlet (mw)		 GB Philippe Ménard Sappers (2 companies)216
13th Provisional Demi-Brigade516
14th Provisional Demi-Brigade649
Eclaireurs800
GB Jean-Baptiste Cervoni Det. 8th Light Infantry Demi-Brigade144
16th Light Infantry Demi-Brigade619
2nd Battalion/6th Provisional Demi-Brigade108
3rd Battalion/122nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade208
11th Grenadier Battalion440
79th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade634
Center: 2nd Division
GD Amédée Laharpe		 GB Louis de Saint-Hilaire Sappers (2 companies)180
129th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade836
2nd Battalion/3rd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade272
3rd Battalion/84th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade198
GB Jean Joseph Pijon 1st Grenadier Battalion422
3rd Grenadier Battalion460
5th Grenadier Battalion400
10th Grenadier Battalion431
101st Line Infantry Demi-Brigade900
1st & 2nd Battalions
3rd Light Infantry Demi-Brigade		644
2nd Battalion/102nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade238
2nd Battalion/84th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade274
Center: Reserve GB Guilin Laurent Bizanet 152nd Line Infantry Demi-Brigade1,205
2nd Grenadier Battalion445
13th Grenadier Battalion496
1st Battalion/100th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade266
1st Provisional Demi-Brigade625
70th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade650
Center Total13,276[3]
Left Wing
GD Jean Sérurier		 GB Louis Pelletier
GB François de Miollis
GB Paul Guillaume[note 3]		 2nd Battalion/Haute-Loire Volunteersunknown
1st Battalion/84th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade351
3rd Eclaireur Company195
1st & 2nd Battalions
46th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		609
51st Line Infantry Demi-Brigade599
3rd Battalion/6th Light Infantry Demi-Brigade594
Grenadier companies
109th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		152
2nd & 3rd Battalions
117th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		678
1st Battalion/Maine-et-Loire Volunteers600
1st & 3rd Battalions
56th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade		257
2nd Battalion/166th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade210
Left Wing Total5,155[8]

Austrians

  • 23,380 infantry, 2,788 cavalry, 772 artillery[9]
  • Nafziger had no Austrian order of battle for Loano. The previous available report was from 20 June 1795, as follows.[9]
Austrian Army of Italy on 20 June 1795[9][10]
Division Brigade Units Battalions Squadrons
Division
FML Johann von Wenckheim		 GM Mathias Rukavina Karlstadter Grenz Regiment[note 4]20
Szluiner Grenz Regiment Nr. 6310
Strassoldo Infantry Regiment Nr. 2720
Meszaros Uhlan Regiment02
GM Michael von Ternyey (c) Nadasdy Infantry Regiment Nr. 3920
Archduke Anton Infantry Regiment Nr. 5220
GM Philipp Pittoni Brechainville Infantry Regiment Nr. 2510
Lattermann Infantry Regiment Nr. 4520
Alvinczi Infantry Regiment Nr. 1920
GM Anton Lipthay Reisky Infantry Regiment Nr. 1330
Terzi Infantry Regiment Nr. 1630
Division
GM Karl von Türkheim		 GM Joseph Canto d'Irles Thurn Infantry Regiment Nr. 4330
Jordis Infantry Regiment Nr. 5910
Wilhelm Schröder Infantry Regiment Nr. 2610
GM Wilhelm Fischer Meszaros Uhlan Regiment06
Erdödy Hussar Regiment Nr. 902
Alessandro Filangieri,
Prince of Cuto
(Neapolitans)		 King's Dragoon Regiment04
Queen's Dragoon Regiment04
Prince Royal Dragoon Regiment04

Sardinians

  • Chief of staff: Col Joseph Henri Costa de Beauregard[12]
  • Nafziger listed no Sardinian orders of battle for 1795, but there is one for January 1796, as follows.[11]
Sardinian Army of Ceva in January 1796[11]
Division Units Battalions Companies
1st Division
Col Theodor Hyacinth Brempt		 Vercelli Infantry Regiment20
Geneva Infantry Regiment20
Royal German Infantry Regiment20
Chablais Infantry Regiment20
2nd Division
MG Luigi Costa della Trinità,
Marquis of Montafia		 Savoy Infantry Regiment20
Queen's Infantry Regiment20
Stettler Infantry Regiment30
Balegno Legion10
Saluggia Chasseurs10
Colli Chasseurs10
Tortona Infantry Regiment10
Chasseurs Francs0 ?
Giulay Freikorps0 ?
1st Division of the Right
Col Jean-Gaspard Dichat de Toisinge		 Dichat Grenadier Regiment20
Oneglia Infantry Regiment20
Oneglia Regiment Elite companies03
Light Legion Elite companies06
Bellegarde Legion10
Chasseurs Francs04
Militia ? ?
Giulay Freikorps0 ?
2nd Division of the Right
Col Friedrich von Bellegarde		 Royal Grenadier Regiment20
D'Esery Grenadier Regiment20
Varan Grenadier Regiment20
La Tour Grenadier Battalion10
Andermatt Grenadier Battalion10
Chiusan Grenadier Battalion10
Mondovi Infantry Regiment20
2nd Line Austrians
GM Giovanni Marchese di Provera		 Belgiojoso Infantry Regiment Nr. 4420
Schmidtfeld Infantry Regiment Nr. 4820
Garrison Infantry Regiment[note 5]10
Strassoldo Regiment Grenadiers02
Giulay Freikorps20
Staff Dragoons0 ?
2nd Line Sardinians
Col Gaspare Gaetano Hallot
des Hayes, Count of Mussano		 Guard Infantry Regiment20
Turin Infantry Regiment20
Asti Infantry Regiment20
Casale Infantry Regiment20
Acqui Infantry Regiment20

See also

Notes

Footnotes
  1. ↑ In January 1796, the units shown here were reorganized into stronger demi-brigades. Then, on 17 March 1796, the regiments were renumbered. For example, what became the 211th Demi-Brigade in January was renamed the 18th Line Infantry Demi-Brigade in March (Phipps, pp. 273–274).
  2. ↑ No brigade organization was listed for the Right Wing. Nafziger listed only the first three brigadiers. Phipps asserted that Rusca led a fourth brigade and that after Banel was wounded, Col Jean Lannes assumed command of Banel's brigade (Phipps, p. 264).
  3. ↑ No brigade organization was listed for the Left Wing.
  4. ↑ The list did not specify which of the Karlstadter Grenz regiments this was.
  5. ↑ The Austrians had the 1st and 2nd Garrison Regiments (Pivka, p. 82). The Nafziger order of battle did not specify to which one this unit belonged.
Citations
  1. ↑ Smith 1998, p. 108.
  2. ↑ Phipps 2011, pp. 221, 275.
  3. 1 2 3 Phipps 2011, p. 261.
  4. ↑ Phipps 2011, p. 263.
  5. ↑ Phipps 2011, p. 267.
  6. ↑ Phipps 2011, p. 270.
  7. ↑ Nafziger 2023a.
  8. 1 2 Phipps 2011, p. 262.
  9. 1 2 3 Nafziger 2023b.
  10. ↑ Pivka 1979, pp. 82–91. This source provided the unit numbers.
  11. 1 2 3 Nafziger 2023c.
  12. ↑ Boycott-Brown 2001, p. 91.

References

  • Boycott-Brown, Martin (2001). The Road to Rivoli: Napoleon's First Campaign. London, UK: Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-35305-1.
  • Nafziger, George (2023a). "French Army at the Battle of Loano" (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  • Nafziger, George (2023b). "Austrian Army of Italy, 20 June 1795" (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  • Nafziger, George (2023c). "Austro-Sardinian Army, January 1796" (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  • Phipps, Ramsay Weston (2011) [1931]. The Armies of the First French Republic and the Rise of the Marshals of Napoleon I: The Armies in the West 1793 to 1797 and The Armies in the South 1793 to March 1796. Vol. 3. Pickle Partners Publishing. ISBN 978-1-908692-26-9.
  • Pivka, Otto von (1979). Armies of the Napoleonic Era. New York, N.Y.: Taplinger Publishing. ISBN 0-8008-5471-3.
  • Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.

Further reading

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