1992 in spaceflight
Richard Hieb, Thomas Akers, and Pierre J. Thuot undertake the first-ever three-person EVA to repair the Intelsat 603 spacecraft during STS-49, the maiden flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour.
Orbital launches
First21 January
Last29 December
Total98
Successes94
Failures2
Partial failures2
National firsts
Satellite South Korea
Orbital launch Russia
Space traveller Belgium
 Italy
  Switzerland
Rockets
Maiden flightsAtlas IIA
Space Shuttle Endeavour
RetirementsCommercial Titan III
Delta II 6920
Delta II 6925
H-I
Crewed flights
Orbital10
Total travellers59

The following is an outline of 1992 in spaceflight.

Launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

11 January
03:40
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy11 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 248 kilometres (154 mi)
17 January United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands SULF United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-1 US Air Force Suborbital Test flight17 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
21 January
15:00
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2175 (Yantar-4K2) VKS Low Earth Reconnaissance20 MarchSuccessful
First Russian (post Soviet) satellite launch
22 January
14:52:33
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery[1] United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-42 NASA Low Earth Microgravity30 January
16:07:17
Successful
European UnionUnited StatesSpacelab Long Module 2 ESA/NASA Low Earth (Discovery) Spacelab IML-1
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
23 January
19:19
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Plasma23 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
24 January
01:18:01
RussiaMolniya-M/2BL RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2176 (Oko) VKS Molniya Missile defence17 January 2012Successful
25 January
07:50:17
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-11 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics13 MarchSuccessful
28 January
12:00
JapanS-310 JapanKagoshima LA-K JapanISAS
ISAS Suborbital Aeronomy28 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 223 kilometres (139 mi)
29 January
22:19:12
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2177 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2178 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2179 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
31 January
11:55
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesSXT NASA/Boulder Suborbital X-ray astronomy31 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)

February

1 February
16:00
JapanS-520 JapanKagoshima LA-K JapanISAS
JapanCIR ISAS Suborbital Infrared astronomy1 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 338 kilometres (210 mi)
5 February UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaTselina-2 #10 MO RF Intended: Low Earth ELINT5 FebruaryLaunch failure
Second stage overheated, causing malfunction
11 February
00:41:02
United StatesAtlas II United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesUSA-78 (DSCS IIIB-14) US Air Force Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
11 February
01:50
JapanH-I JapanTanegashima LA-N JapanNASDA
JapanJERS-1 NASDA Sun-synchronous Earth observation3 December 2001Successful
Final flight of H-I
17 February
22:05:08
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2180 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
18 February United StatesAries United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesSDIO
SDIO Suborbital Technology18 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 320 kilometres (200 mi)
22 February
03:15
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy22 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
22 February United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight22 FebruarySuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
22 February United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight22 FebruarySuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
22 February United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight22 FebruarySuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
22 February United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight22 FebruarySuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
23 February
22:29
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-79 (GPS IIA-3) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
26 February
23:58:10
European UnionAriane 4 44L FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
JapanSuperbird-B1 SCC Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Saudi ArabiaArabsat-1C ARABSAT Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geostationary
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Arabsat sold to ISRO in November 1997 and operated until October 2004 as INSAT-2DT

March

3 March
13:57:30
United StatesNike Tomahawk United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United StatesAria-1 NASA Suborbital Plasma3 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 295 kilometres (183 mi)
3 March
14:06:48
CanadaBlack Brant VIIIC United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United StatesAria-1 NASA Suborbital Plasma3 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 289 kilometres (180 mi)
3 March
14:57
United StatesNike Tomahawk United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United StatesAria-1 NASA Suborbital Plasma3 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi)
4 March
04:27
RussiaMolniya-M/ML RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya-1 #83 MOM Molniya Communications1 July 2007Successful
4 March United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-05 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight4 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
6 March
13:57:30
United StatesNike Tomahawk United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Plasma6 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi)
9 March
22:35:59
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2181 (Tsikada) MO RF Low Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
12 March
22:42
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-21 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy12 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
13 March
18:15
United StatesLGM-30B Minuteman I United StatesVandenberg LF-03 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Target13 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
13 March
18:36:27
United StatesAries Marshall IslandsMeck United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesERIS US Air Force Suborbital Interceptor13 MarchPartial failure
Final flight of ERIS; missed target due to programming issue caused by test conditions, enough data collected to proceed with operagional programme.
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi)
14 March
00:00
United StatesAtlas I United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesGalaxy 5 Hughes Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
15 March
22:46
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-22 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy15 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
17 March
10:54:30
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaSoyuz TM-14 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-1110 AugustSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts; First crewed Russian (post-Soviet) launch
18 March United StatesScout-II ItalySalto di Quirra ItalyASI
ASI Suborbital Test flight18 MarchLaunch failure
19 March
16:05
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 CanadaCSA
CanadaCSAR-1 CSA Suborbital Microgravity19 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 226 kilometres (140 mi)
19 March
16:10
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesHIRAAS-2 NASA Suborbital Airglow19 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
24 March
13:13:39
United StatesSpace Shuttle Atlantis United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-45 NASA Low Earth Microgravity2 AprilSuccessful
United StatesSpacelab Double Pallet NASA Low Earth (Atlantis) Spacelab ATLAS-1
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Belgian in space
29 March
07:27
CanadaBlack Brant XI United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United StatesCHARGE-2B NASA Suborbital Ionosphere29 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 267 kilometres (166 mi)
29 March
08:07:45
United StatesHPB United StatesPoker Flat United StatesOrbital Sciences
Orbital Sciences Suborbital Infrared astronomy29 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi)

April

1 April
14:18
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2182 (Yantar-4K2) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance30 MaySuccessful
2 April
01:50
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaGorizont 25 YeSSS Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
8 April
12:20
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2183 (Yantar-4K2) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance16 February 1993Successful
8 April United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesUSS Henry L. Stimson, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight8 AprilSuccessful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 40; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
8 April United StatesUGM-96 Trident I United StatesUSS Henry L. Stimson, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight8 AprilSuccessful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 40; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
9 April
10:40
CanadaBlack Brant IXBM1 SwedenEsrange SwedenSSC
SwedenMASER-5 SSC Suborbital Microgravity9 AprilSuccessful
Apogee: 317 kilometres (197 mi)
10 April
03:20
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-80 (GPS IIA-4) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
15 April
07:17:43
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2184 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
15 April
09:09
United StatesHPB United StatesWallops Island United StatesOrbital Sciences
Orbital Sciences Suborbital Target15 AprilSuccessful
Apogee: 450 kilometres (280 mi)
15 April
23:25:27
European UnionAriane 4 44L FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United KingdomInmarsat-2F4 Inmarsat Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
FranceTélécom 2B France Télécom Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
19 April
21:29:25
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-12 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics27 JuneSuccessful
25 April
08:53
United StatesTitan 23G United StatesVandenberg SLC-4W United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesUSA-81 (Bernie/Singleton) NRO Low Earth (Polar) ELINTIn orbitOperational
29 April
09:00
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs-F #14 MO RF Low Earth Remote sensing29 MaySuccessful
29 April
10:10
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2185 (Yantar-1KFT) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance11 JuneSuccessful
29 April ChinaDF-21 ChinaTaiyuan ChinaCALT
CALT Suborbital Test flight29 AprilLaunch failure

May

5 May United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-10 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-147GM-1 US Air Force Suborbital Test flight5 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
5 May IndiaPrithvi IndiaBalasore IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Test flight5 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
7 May
23:40
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-49 NASA Low Earth Satellite reboost16 MaySuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts; Maiden flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour; reboosted Intelsat 603
12 May
14:26
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesSPARTAN (SPDE) NASA Suborbital Solar12 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
14 May
00:40
United StatesDelta II 7925-8 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
IndonesiaPalapa-B4 Telkom Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
20 May
00:30
IndiaASLV IndiaSriharikota FLP IndiaISRO
IndiaSROSS-C ISRO Low Earth Magnetosphere14 JulyPartial failure
Placed into incorrect orbit due to fifth stage spin-up failure
23 May
00:00
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United States
United StatesCWAS-23 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy23 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
24 May United StatesTerrier Malemute United StatesBarking Sands United StatesSDIO
United StatesCDX (LWIS) SDIO Suborbital Target24 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi)
25 May
23:52
United StatesNike Tomahawk United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesAA-3A NASA Suborbital Plasma25 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi)
27 May
12:27
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-24 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy27 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
28 May
19:09:59
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2186 (Yantar-4K2) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance24 JulySuccessful
28 May IndiaAgni-I IndiaBalasore IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Test flight28 MayFailure
30 May
08:11
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesAA-4IFH NASA/NRL Suborbital Plasma30 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 308 kilometres (191 mi)
May ChinaDF-21 ChinaTaiyuan ChinaCALT
CALT Suborbital Test flightL+1 hourFailure

June

1 June
02:52
BrazilSonda 3 BrazilAlcântara BrazilINPE
INPE Suborbital Aeronomy1 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 282 kilometres (175 mi)
2 June United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-26 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-148GB US Air Force Suborbital Test flight2 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
3 June
00:50:30
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2187 (Strela-1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2188 (Strela-1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2189 (Strela-1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2190 (Strela-1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2191 (Strela 1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2192 (Strela-1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2193 (Strela-1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2194 (Strela-1M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
6 June
08:37:31
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesAA-3B NASA Suborbital Plasma6 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 370 kilometres (230 mi)
7 June
16:40
United StatesDelta II 6920-10 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesEUVE NASA Low Earth Ultraviolet astronomy31 January 2002Successful
Final flight of Delta II 6920
9 June
05:32
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Plasma9 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
10 June
00:00
United StatesAtlas IIA United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United NationsIntelsat K Intelsat Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Maiden flight of Atlas IIA
16 June United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands SULF United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-2 US Air Force Suborbital Test flight16 JuneFailure
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
18 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight18 JuneSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
18 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight18 JuneSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
18 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight18 JuneSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
18 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS West Virginia, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight18 JuneSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
19 June
11:01
United StatesAries United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesSDIO
SDIO Suborbital Technology19 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 330 kilometres (210 mi)
23 June
00:24
CanadaBlack Brant VC United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Ionosphere23 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi)
23 June
08:00
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs-F #15 MO RF Low Earth Remote sensing9 JulySuccessful
25 June
16:12:22
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-50 NASA Low Earth Microgravity9 JulySuccessful
United StatesSpacelab Long Module 1 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab USML-1
United StatesEDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts; Maiden flight of EDO Pallet
30 June
16:43:13
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-13 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics24 JulySuccessful
June North KoreaRodong-1 North KoreaMusudan-ri North KoreaKPA
KPA Suborbital Test flightL+1 hourFailure

July

1 July
02:20
United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-02 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight1 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
1 July
20:16:22
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2195 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
2 July
09:01:15
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesAA-1 NASA Suborbital Plasma2 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi)
2 July
21:54:01
United StatesAtlas II/IABS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesUSA-82 (DSCS IIIB-12) US Air Force Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
3 July
14:19
United StatesScout G-1 United StatesVandenberg SLC-5 United StatesNASA
United StatesSAMPEX (SMEX-1/Explorer 68) NASA Low Earth Solar13 November 2012Successful
3 July IndiaRH-560 IndiaSriharikota IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Ionosphere3 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 320 kilometres (200 mi)
4 July
08:58
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesAA-7 NASA Suborbital Plasma4 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi)
7 July
09:20:01
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-83 (GPS IIA-5) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
8 July
09:53:14
RussiaMolniya-M/2BL RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2196 (Oko) MO RF Molniya Missile defenceIn orbitSuccessful
9 July
22:42:19
European UnionAriane 4 44L FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
IndiaINSAT-2A ISRO Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
FranceEutelsat 2F4 Eutelsat Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Eutelsat retired in 2003
12 July
09:02
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesArecibo United StatesNASA
United StatesAA-2 NASA Suborbital Plasma12 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 252 kilometres (157 mi)
13 July
17:41:40
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2197 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2198 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2199 (Gonets-D) Roskosmos Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2200 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2201 (Gonets-D) Roskosmos Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2202 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
14 July
22:02
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaGorizont 26 YeSSS Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
24 July
13:36
CanadaBlack Brant VIIIC United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Plasma24 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 340 kilometres (210 mi)
24 July
14:26
United StatesDelta II 6925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
JapanUnited StatesGEOTAIL ISAS/NASA High Earth MagnetosphereIn orbitSuccessful[2]
United StatesDUVE NASA/California Low Earth Ultraviolet astronomy16 March 2003Successful
Final flight of Delta II 6000-series
24 July
19:40
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2203 (Yantar-4K2) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance22 SeptemberSuccessful
27 July
06:08:42
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaSoyuz TM-15 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-121 February 1993Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
28 July RussiaUR-100NU KazakhstanBaikonur RussiaRVSN
RussiaSLI RVSN Suborbital Test flight28 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
29 July United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Maryland, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight29 JulySuccessful
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation 9; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
30 July
01:59:01
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2204 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2205 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2206 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
30 July
11:00
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2207 (Zenit-8) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance13 AugustSuccessful
31 July
13:56:48
United StatesSpace Shuttle Atlantis United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-46 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment8 AugustSuccessful
ItalyTSS-1 ASI Low Earth (Atlantis) TechnologyFailure
European UnionEURECA ESA Low Earth Microgravity/Solar1 July 1993Successful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Swiss and Italian in space
TSS tether jammed during deployment; EURECA returned to Earth by Space Shuttle Endeavour during STS-57
July North KoreaHwasong-6 Syria SyriaSyrian Air Force
Syrian Air Force Suborbital Test flightL+1 hourSuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
July North KoreaHwasong-6 Syria SyriaSyrian Air Force
Syrian Air Force Suborbital Test flightL+1 hourSuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)

August

4 August United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight4 AugustSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
4 August United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight4 AugustSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
4 August United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight4 AugustSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
4 August United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight4 AugustSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
6 August
19:30:59
RussiaMolniya-M/ML RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya-1 #84 MOM Molniya Communications4 April 2008Successful
9 August
08:00
ChinaLong March 2D ChinaJiuquan LA-2B ChinaCALT
ChinaFSW-2 #1 CASC Low Earth Reconnaissance1 SeptemberSuccessful
10 August
23:08:07
European UnionAriane 4 42P FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
FranceUnited StatesTOPEX/Poseidon CNES/NASA Low Earth OceanographyIn orbitSuccessful
FranceS80/T CNES Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitSuccessful
South KoreaKITSAT-1 (OSCAR-23) KAIST Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
TOPEX/Poseidon mission ended in October 2005 and was deactivated on 18 January 2006. KITSAT-1 was the first South Korean satellite.
12 August
05:44:01
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2208 (Strela-2M) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
13 August
23:00
ChinaLong March 2E ChinaXichang LA-2 ChinaCALT
AustraliaOptus B1 Optus Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geostationary
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Retired and moved to graveyard orbit in May 2008
15 August
22:18:32
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-14 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics21 OctoberSuccessful
18 August IndiaPrithvi IndiaBalasore IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Test flight18 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
19 August
10:20
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs-F #16 MO RF Low Earth Remote sensing4 SeptemberSuccessful
RussiaPion-Germes 1 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing25 SeptemberSuccessful
RussiaPion-Germes 2 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing24 SeptemberSuccessful
19 August
23:30
JapanTR-1A JapanTanegashima LA-T JapanNASDA
NASDA Suborbital Microgravity19 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi)
21 August
17:46
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy21 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
22 August
22:40
United StatesAtlas I United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesGalaxy 1R Hughes Intended: Geosynchronous Communications22 AugustLaunch failure
Upper stage turbopump failed to start, destroyed by range safety
24 August
16:30
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesHRTS-8 NASA/NRL Suborbital Solar24 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 249 kilometres (155 mi)
26 August
15:10
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-25 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy26 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
27 August
18:30
CanadaBlack Brant VIIIC United StatesWallops Island United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Test flight27 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 198 kilometres (123 mi)
31 August
10:41
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesSatcom C4 GE Americom Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful

September

1 September
01:00
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-26 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy1 SeptemberSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
3 September United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Kentucky, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight3 SeptemberSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
3 September United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Kentucky, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight3 SeptemberSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
3 September United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Kentucky, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight3 SeptemberSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
3 September United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Kentucky, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight3 SeptemberSuccessful
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
9 September
08:57
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-84 (GPS IIA-6) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
10 September
14:30
CanadaBlack Brant IXCM1 United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesSSI
United StatesCONSORT-5 Huntsville Suborbital Microgravity10 SeptemberFailure
Apogee: 235 kilometres (146 mi)
10 September
18:01:18
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2209 (Prognoz) MO RF Geostationary Missile defenceIn orbitOperational
10 September
23:04
European UnionAriane 4 44LP FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
SpainHispasat 1A Hispasat Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
United StatesSatcom C3 GE Americom Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Hispasat retired in 2003
12 September
14:23
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-47 NASA Low Earth Microgravity20 SeptemberSuccessful
JapanUnited StatesSpacelab Long Module 2 NASDA/NASA Low Earth (Endeavour) Spacelab-J
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts; 50th mission of the Space Shuttle programme
16 September
03:15
United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-05 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight16 SeptemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
22 September
16:10
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2210 (Yantar-4K2) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance20 NovemberSuccessful
25 September
17:05:01
United StatesCommercial Titan III/TOS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-40 United StatesMartin Marietta
United StatesMars Observer NASA Intended: Areocentric
Achieved: Heliocentric
Mars orbiterUnknownPartial failure
Final flight of Commercial Titan III; Maiden flight of TOS
Contact lost three days before orbit insertion. It is unclear whether the spacecraft entered Aerocentric orbit, remained in Heliocentric orbit, or exploded.
28 September United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-26 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-149GB US Air Force Suborbital Test flight28 SeptemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)

October

6 October
06:20:05
ChinaLong March 2C ChinaJiuquan LA-2B ChinaCALT
ChinaFSW-1 #4 CASC Low Earth Reconnaissance13 OctoberSuccessful
SwedenFreja SSC Low Earth MagnetosphereIn orbitSuccessful
Freja mission ended 30 June 1995 and last contact made on 14 October 1996
8 October
19:00
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaFoton-8 Roskosmos Low Earth Microgravity24 OctoberSuccessful
12 October
09:47
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
GermanyDFS-3 Bundespost Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geostationary
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Retired in February 2003
14 October
19:58
RussiaMolniya-M/ML RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya-3 #50L MOM Molniya CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
16 October United StatesCastor-Orbus United StatesWake Island United StatesOrbital Sciences
SDIO Suborbital Reentry test16 OctoberFailure
Maiden flight of Castor-Orbus; Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi)
19 October United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Maryland, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight19 OctoberSuccessful
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation 10; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
20 October
12:58:12
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2211 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2212 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2213 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2214 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2215 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
RussiaKosmos 2216 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
21 October
10:21:22
RussiaMolniya-M/2BL RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2217 (Oko) MO RF Molniya Missile defence6 November 2010
04:22[3]
Successful
22 October
17:09:40
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-52 NASA Low Earth USMP-11 NovemberSuccessful
CanadaCANEX-2 CSA Low Earth (Columbia) Microgravity
ItalyLAGEOS-2 ASI Medium Earth GeodesyIn orbitOperational
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
22 October United StatesAries United StatesWallops Island United StatesSDIO
United StatesOrbus 1 (SPFE-3) SDIO Suborbital Target22 OctoberFailure
Apogee: 20 kilometres (12 mi)
25 October
01:06
United StatesLGM-30B Minuteman I United StatesVandenberg LF-03 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesAST-DT2 US Air Force Suborbital Target25 OctoberFailure
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
27 October
17:19:41
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-15 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics7 February 1993Successful
RussiaMak-2 Roskosmos Low Earth Ionosphere1 April 1993Successful
RussiaZnamya 2 Roskosmos Low Earth Solar mirror5 February 1993Successful
Mak-2 deployed from Mir on 20 November 1992; Znamya deployed from Progress on 4 February 1993
27 October
18:30
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesCU-3 NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy27 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 298 kilometres (185 mi)
28 October
00:15
European UnionAriane 4 42P FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United StatesGalaxy 7 Hughes Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft failure
Major spacecraft malfunction November 2000
29 October
10:40:33
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2218 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
30 October
14:59
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaEkran-M3 MOM Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful

November

4 November
02:00
United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-04 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-150GM US Air Force Suborbital Test flight4 NovemberFailure
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
8 November
10:25
SwedenMaxus SwedenEsrange SwedenGermanySSC/DLR
European UnionMAXUS 1B ESA Suborbital Microgravity8 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 717 kilometres (446 mi)
10 November United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight10 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
10 November United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight10 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
10 November United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight10 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
10 November United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Tennessee, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight10 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
15 November
21:45:01
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs 500 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing22 NovemberSuccessful
17 November
07:47
UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2219 (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth ELINTIn orbitOperational
20 November
15:29:59
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2220 (Yantar-4K2) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance18 January 1993Successful
21 November
13:45
United StatesScout G-1 United StatesVandenberg SLC-5 United StatesNASA
United StatesMSTI-1 US Air Force/SDIO Sun-synchronous Technology18 July 1993Successful
22 November
09:22
United KingdomSkylark 7 SwedenEsrange LA-S GermanyDLR
GermanyTEXUS 29 DLR Suborbital Microgravity22 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 230 kilometres (140 mi)
22 November
23:54
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-85 (GPS IIA-7) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
24 November
04:09:59
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2221 (Tselina-D) MO RF Low Earth ELINTIn orbitSuccessful
25 November
12:18:54
RussiaMolniya-M/2BL RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2222 (Oko) MO RF Molniya Missile defence3 May 2023
03:58[4]
Successful
27 November
13:10
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaGorizont 27 YeSSS Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
28 November
21:34
United StatesTitan IVA (404) United StatesVandenberg SLC-4E United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesUSA-86 (KH-12-1) NRO Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance5 June 2000Successful

December

1 December
22:48
European UnionAriane 4 42P FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
JapanSuperbird A1 SCC Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
1 December RussiaUR-100NU KazakhstanBaikonur RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Test flight1 DecemberFailure
2 December
01:57
RussiaMolniya-M/ML RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya-3 #56L MOM Molniya Communications8 November 2008Successful
2 December
13:24
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-53 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment9 DecemberSuccessful
United StatesUSA-89 (SDS-2-3) NRO Molniya CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesODERACS A NASA Low Earth Calibration9 DecemberFailure
United StatesODERACS B NASA Low Earth Calibration
United StatesODERACS C NASA Low Earth Calibration
United StatesODERACS D NASA Low Earth Calibration
United StatesODERACS E NASA Low Earth Calibration
United StatesODERACS F NASA Low Earth Calibration
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; ODERACS deployment cancelled and reflown on STS-60
6 December
16:00
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-27 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy6 DecemberSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
9 December
00:00
RussiaZyb RussiaSubmarine, Pacific Ocean RussiaVMF
RussiaEfir RVSN Suborbital Technology9 DecemberSuccessful
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi)
9 December
11:25
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2223 (Yantar-4KS1) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance16 December 1993Successful
9 December CanadaBlack Brant IXCM1 FranceCentre d'Essais des Landes FranceMATRA
FrancePOIVRE (VERT) MATRA Suborbital Imaging9 DecemberSuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
11 December
22:45
United StatesNike Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesCWAS-28 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy11 DecemberSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
15 December
03:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
NASA/JHU Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy15 DecemberSuccessful
Apogee: 302 kilometres (188 mi)
17 December
12:45
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2224 (Prognoz) MO RF Geosynchronous Missile defenceIn orbitOperational
18 December
22:16
United StatesDelta II 7925 United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-87 (GPS IIA-8) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
21 December
11:21
ChinaLong March 2E ChinaXichang LA-2 ChinaCALT
AustraliaOptus B2 Optus Intended: Geosynchronous
Achieved: Low Earth
Communications29 June 1995Launch Partial Failure
Payload fairing collapsed during ascent; rocket continued to orbit deploying remains of payload and upper stage into low Earth orbit
22 December
12:00
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2225 (Ortlets) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance18 February 1993Successful
22 December
12:36
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk Site 32/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2226 (Geo-IK) MO RF Low Earth GeodesyIn orbitSuccessful
25 December
05:56
UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2227 (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth ELINTIn orbitSuccessful
25 December
20:07:59
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2228 (Tselina-D) MO RF Low Earth ELINTIn orbitSuccessful
29 December
13:30:01
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2229 (Bion 10) Roskosmos Low Earth Biological10 January 1993Successful

Deep Space Rendezvous

Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
8 FebruaryUlysses1st flyby of JupiterGravity assist, inclination change
15 FebruaryHitenSelenocentric orbit injection
14 JulyGiottoFlyby of 26P/Grigg-SkjellerupClosest approach: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
8 OctoberPioneer Venus OrbiterDeliberately deorbited into the Venerian atmosphere
8 DecemberGalileo2nd flyby of the EarthGravity assist; Closest approach: 305 kilometres (190 mi)

EVAs

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
20 February
20:09
4 hours
12 minutes
21 February
00:21
Mir EO-10
Kvant-2
RussiaAleksandr Volkov
RussiaSergei Krikalev
Performed maintenance activities on the outside of Mir, including cleaning camera lenses. Volkov had problems with the cooling system on his Orlan space suit, and was limited in his mobility.
10 May
20:40
3 hours
43 minutes
11 May
00:23
STS-49
Endeavour
United StatesPierre J. Thuot
United StatesRichard Hieb
Thuot attempted to capture the Intelsat VI satellite using a capture bar while Hieb stood by to assist with placement in the payload bay. After multiple attempts to catch Intelsat VI, the spacewalkers returned to the airlock to consider the failed attempts.[5]
11 May
21:05
5 hours
30 minutes
12 May
02:35
STS-49
Endeavour
United StatesPierre J. Thuot
United StatesRichard Hieb
Thuot tried five more times to capture Intelsat VI while Hieb stood by to assist. Once again Thuot was unable to engage the capture bar to the satellite.[5]
13 May
21:17
8 hours
29 minutes
14 May
05:46
STS-49
Endeavour
United StatesPierre J. Thuot
United StatesRichard Hieb
United StatesThomas Akers
Thuot, Hieb and Akers captured Intelsat VI with their hands. The trio then pulled the satellite into the payload bay, added a new perigee kick motor, and launched the satellite away from Endeavour. This spacewalk was the first three-person spacewalk in history. The three spacewalkers also set a new record for elapsed spacewalk time.[5]
14 May
~21:00
7 hours
44 minutes
15 May
~04:45
STS-49
Endeavour
United StatesThomas Akers
United StatesKathryn C. Thornton
Tested space station assembly techniques on an experimental structure, the Assembly of Station by Extravehicular Activity Methods (ASEM).
8 July
12:38
2 hours
3 minutes
14:41 Mir EO-11
Kvant-2
RussiaAleksandr Viktorenko
RussiaAleksandr Kaleri
Inspected several gyrodynes, located on the Kvant-2 module, near the airlock to provide data needed to prepare for the planned repair and replacement work of the gyrodynes.
3 September
13:32
3 hours
56 minutes
17:28 Mir EO-12
Kvant-2
RussiaSergei Avdeyev
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
Moved the VDU thruster unit to its position and prepared the Sofora girder for installation of the VDU.
7 September
11:47
5 hours
8 minutes
16:55 Mir EO-12
Kvant-2
RussiaSergei Avdeyev
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
Installed the electrical and control cables needed by the VDU thruster for operation on the Sofora truss and recovered the Russian flag installed on the Sofora truss the year before.
11 September
10:06
5 hours
44 minutes
15:50 Mir EO-12
Kvant-2
RussiaSergei Avdeyev
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
Completed install of the VDU thruster on Sofora truss, and moved the truss into its extended position.
15 September
07:49
3 hours
33 minutes
11:22 Mir EO-12
Kvant-2
RussiaSergei Avdeyev
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
Collected samples of a solar array and relocated the Kurs docking antenna on the Kristall module in preparation of the arrival of Soyuz TM-16.

References

  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Generic references:
 Spaceflight portal

Footnotes

  1. NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-42". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 9 June 2008. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
  2. "GEOTAIL ends after over 30 years of observational operations". ISAS/JAXA. 28 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  3. "The Aerospace Corporation - Assuring Mission Success". reentrynews.aero.org. Archived from the original on 13 May 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  4. McDowell, Jonathan [@planet4589] (3 May 2023). "The Russian early warning satellite Oko 73D6-6051, codename Kosmos-2222, reentered south of New Zealand at 0358 UTC May 3 after 30.4 years in space. It operated from 1992 to about 1995 and has been space junk since then" (Tweet) via Twitter.
  5. 1 2 3 Kallender, Mark. "STS-49, The Rescue Of Intelsat-VI 603". Archived from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 28 February 2009.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.