Lak phrasebook

Northeast Caucasian language

The Lak language(lakku maz) is spoken in Dagestan, North Caucasus, Russia. It is the language of the Lak people. It is an endangered language that has about 100,000 native speakers^[1] and is in danger of dying out. It belongs to the Nakh-Dagestan language family, which is isolated, with no relatives beyond the North Eastern Caucasus. The Lak language was written using the Arabic alphabet until 1928. From 1928 to 1938, it was written using the Latin alphabet. Since 1938, it has been written using the Cyrillic alphabet. It is one of the indigenous written mountain languages of Dagestan.

Phrase list

Basics

Quick Facts

Hello (in the morning).: Израв - to men (IZ-rov)
Дизрав - to women (DIZ-rov)
Бизрав - to girls (BIZ-rov)
Бизрув - to multiple people (BIZ-roov)

Hello. (other times of the day): салам алейкум (sa-LAM a-LEI-koom)

Hello. (in response to the previous): ва алейкум ассалам (va a-LEI-koom a-sa-LAM )

How are you?: Цукун урав? - to men (tsoo-KOON oo-RAV)
Цукун дурав? - to women (tsoo-KOON doo-RAV)
Цукун бурав? - to girls (tsoo-KOON boo-RAV)
Цукун бурув? - to multiple people (tsoo-KOON boo-ROOV)
What is your name?: Вил цIа цири? (VIL TSA tsi-RI)
My name is ______ .: Ттул цIa __. (too-ll ts ahh)
Nice to meet you.: КIулширия Ххарира (khool-shi-ri-ah khwa-ri-ra)
Please.: Миннатри (min-na-tri)
Thank you.: Барчаллагь (bar-cha-lagkhh)
You're welcome.: За бакъар (ZA bak-gkarr)
Yes.: Да (DA)
No.: Акъар - to men (ak-GKAR)
Дакъар - to women (dak-GKAR)
Бакъар - to girls (bak-GKAR)
I'm sorry.: Багьишла ити - to men (ba-GHI-shla ih-TI)
Багьишла дити - to women (ba-GHI-shla dih-TI)
Багьишла бити - to girls (ba-GHI-shla bih-TI)
Goodbye: Цалсса (TSAL-ssa)
See you later: Хьуна бакьиннин (KHOO-na bakh-IN-nin)
left: Хъюччайнмай (gkhuh-CHA-in-maai)
right: УрчIайнмай (oor-CHA-in-maai)
Help!: Кумаг барa (KOO-mag BAA-ra)
Look out!: Мугъаятну (moo-GHA-yeth-noo)
Good: Ххуйну (khooi-NOO)
Bad: Оьккину (ou-ki-noo)
Good night.: Хьхьу хъинну (KHOO gki-NOO)
I don't understand.: Ттун къабучIлай бур (DTOON ga-BOO-ch-lai BOOR)
Where is the toilet?: Туалет чу бури (tua-LYEHT CHOO boo-RI)

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[1] [1]
Schulze, Wolgang (2007). The Lak Language – Лакку маз. A Quick Reference. second (augmented and corrected) version. Munich: LMU Munich. p. 26

[1]

Consonants	Vowels	Diacritics
Б b - b [b]	А ah - a, ā [ə, aː]	Ъ hard sign - ʾ [ʔ]
В v - w [w]	Аь aeh - a̱ [æˁ]	Ь soft sign
Г g - g [ɡ]	Е yeh - ǝ̱ [eˁ]
Гъ gkhr - ġ [ʁ]	Ё yoh
Гь hae - h [h]	И ee - i [i]
Д d - d [d]	О oh
Ж zh - ž [ʒ	Оь eu - o̱ [ɵˁ]
З z - z [z]	У oo - u [u]
Й y j [j]	Ы yh
К k - k [kʻ]	Э eh - ǝ̱ [eˁ]
Кк gk - k [kʻ]	Ю yoo - o̱ [ɵˁ]
Къ kh - q̄ [qː	Я yah - a̱ [æˁ]
Кь gkh - q̇ [qʼ]
КI gkheh - ḳ [kʼ]
Л l - l [l]
М m - m [m]
Н n - n [n]
П p - p [pʻ]
Пп pp - p̄ [pː]
ПI bh - ṗ [pʼ]
Р r - r [r]
С s - s [s]
Сс ss - s̄ [sː]
Т t - t [tʻ]
Тт dtkh - t̄ [tː]
ТI tkh - ṭ [tʼ]
Ф f
Х kh - x [x]
Хх kgh - χ̄ [χː]
Хъ ghh - q [qʻ]
Хь khh - x [x]
ХьХь ghgh - x̄ [xː]
ХI h - ḥ [ħ]
Ц ts - c [tsʻ]
Цц dts - c̄ [tsː]
ЦI dtskh -  [tsʼ]
Ч ch - č [tʃʻ]
Чч chch - č̄ [tʃː]
ЧI chkh - č̣ [tʃʼ]
Ш sh - š [ʃ]
Щ sch - š̄ [ʃː

Lak phrasebook

Table of Contents

Pronunciation guide

Audio of the alphabet

Phrase list

Basics

Problems

Numbers

Time

Clock time

Duration

Days

Months

Colors

Transportation

Directions

Money

Eating

Shopping

Further Reading

Additional Resources

References